Introduction – Ginger Farming

Ginger has a special place in the heart of an Indian. An integral part of our cooking, its unique sweet, spicy, and a little wood taste raises a dish and moves it to a different level of pleasure. Ginger, also known as Adarak, has deep emotional connectivity. One cup is thought about ginger tea, known as ‘Adak Wali Chai’ with a plate of pakoda, Which brings hot and pleasant memories for all of us.

Without this golden spice, our favourite snacks were floor and boring. Apart from this, besides enhancing the taste of our dish, there are also excellent health benefits of ginger. Whether it is used in food or drinks in a cup of tea, the health benefits of ginger are indisputable.

Nutrient in Ginger

Ginger farming in the world 👈👈👈👈

Ginger Farming in India

• Kerala
• Assam
• Andhra Pradesh
• Himachal Pradesh
• West Bengal
• Uttar Pradesh

Intercultural cultivation of ginger

We know that for a higher yield of ginger, it needs shade. Ginger ripens well when it gets 25-50% shade, and to give them shade, we have to do intercropping for this. With this, we need Intermediate cultivation should be done.

Vegetables – cabbage, tomatoes, peppers, long ladyfinger, French beans

In cereals – Ragi, Maize

In lentils – peas, black gram, gram lentils

In oilseeds – pulses, soybeans, sunflowers

In others – tobacco, pineapple

Coconut

Enough

papaya

Ginger farming is done with other trees; it is suitable for its cultivation with all types of bacteria and a proper drainage system. It is ideal for cultivation in heavy land. The growth and spread of bales are not done correctly, which will adversely affect the production. Is

The climate in ginger farming

Ginger is cultivated in hot and humid places. Moderate rainfall or irrigation is necessary for the germination of wetlands at the time of sowing. A little more rain is needed for the growth of plants, and a dry season is required one month before its digging. Timely sowing or ginger planting is essential. Ginger can be cultivated in places with 1500-1800 mm rainfall, but it is a disadvantage if cultivated in areas without proper drainage. The average temperature is 25 ° C in summer with 35 ° C temperature. It is cultivated in places in Bago in the inland sections 1500 mins above sea level; you can enable it.

Selection of land for cultivation of ginger

Before selecting the land, farmers must have the ground tested. The primary purpose of soil testing is to know its productive potential, check fertility, find the right amount of available nutrients in the soil, and determine the right amount of fertilizers. Please choose the right amount of soil-repellent elements for soil, such as acidic soils and gypsum for its soil, good land, and water-related information is known only through soil testing.

Go to any nearby agricultural institution and get the land tested, which is free. The scientist said that I want to cultivate ginger; after testing the ground, the scientist will tell you what to put, what not to place, or what is appropriate after that. Only you should cultivate ginger, which will lead to a higher yield. If you live in a remote area with no such government arrangement, what kind of land do you have to choose?

Ginger grows well in light soils.

Sandy soil soil

Red side soil

Loam soil

After collecting 2 samples separately from 10-12 places in a field:

1. Mix about half a kilogram of the soil prepared by this method, dry it in the shade and fill it in a cloth bag.
2. Write your name and address on two pieces of thick paper, but one element in the bag, and tie the other well with the bag.
3. Send soil samples to the laboratory at least two months before harvest.

Preparation of field for Ginger Farming

Prepare the field from March to April after deep plowing of the field with soil-plowing plow and leave it for planting; in May, the soil should be made brittle by plowing with a disk harrow or rotavator. Put the manure or compost, or neem cake in the field with the same form and again pressing the area 2-3 times diagonally from the cultivator or country plow and run the field and level the lot.

According to the facility of irrigation, it should be divided into small beds of the finished field. For the successful cultivation of ginger, it is necessary to improve the land. At the time of the last plowing, the recommended amount of fertilizers should be used. Sowing should be done 1-2 meters wide, 2-3 inches high, and 3-4 meters long if there is no drain.

Ginger Varieties

• Variety of raw ginger
• Rio de janeiro
• China
• Wayanad Local
• Tafnagia
• Telirol
• Ginger strands
• Maran
• Wayanad Menon
• Few
• Vallunatu
• Aranadu

Ginger Species in Indian states

State Species

Assam Nadia, Chheheralla

Himachal Pradesh, Rio de Janeiro

Karnataka Himachal, Jorhat, Wayanad Local

Kerala Rio de Janeiro, Burdwan, Jamaica, Nadia, Maranbajpayee, Naraspattam, Kuruppampady, Thingpul, Assa, Mananthawadi,

Maharashtra Mahima, Puma, Wayanad

Meghalaya Tura, Thingpuyi, Nadia

Mizoram Thingpui, Thingladum, Thingria

Nagaland Thingladum, Nadia, Khasi Local

Sikkim Bhansay, Gurubhatan

Tamil Nadu Maran, Thodupuzha, Himachal, Rio de Janeiro

Tripura Nadia

Identification of Ginger cultivators

Higher yield – Varada, Rio de Janeiro, Himachal, Suprabha, Maran, Mahima, Rajatha

More rhymes – Varada, Mahima, Rajatha

High happiness – boon, glory, death

High oil – Wayanad, Kunnamangalam, Ambalavayal

Resistance to storage paste – varada

High ginger and shogol – Wayanad, Kunnamangalam, Ambalavayal

Ginger requires very high amount of nutrients. Ginger is selected and requires phosphorus. When preparing the field before sowing, 40 tons per hectare of cow dung century compost manure should be mixed well in 20 tons of vermi compost soil. In order to increase the carbon content in the soil, the nutrients can be preserved and the soil will have sufficient air circulation and soil to remain brittle.

Nutrient management

Nitrogen – 100-120 kg

Phosphorus – 50 Kg

Potash – 50 Kg

Phosphorus solution should be mixed with 5 kg quantity of bio fertilizer in 50 kg of cooked cow dung manure per hectare.

Which increases the solubility of phosphorus?
Can be absorbed by crop in desired quantity?

The entire quantity of phosphorus and potash and half the amount of nitrogen should be applied after two months of sowing, indigo coated urea is especially used. This crop is also important as intercultural farming because it requires partial shade.

The right time to sow ginger

Kerala – May

MP Tikamgarh – Mid June

Uttar Pradesh and hilly region – first and second week of July

The sowing time should be chosen in such a way that the ginger plants become two weeks before the rains begin, the previous ginger crop is used less for sowing ginger, breaking the claws of the big ginger in such a way that the less There are 2 or 2 sprouts.

Seed Quantity

12 to 15 quintal tubers are required per hectare. The quantity of seeds of these crops seems to be low. The weight of the tubers should be 15 to 20 grams. It is important to keep in mind that seeds are treated at the time of sowing.

Seed Treatment

For seed treatment, Bavistin should be treated by immersing the tuber for at least 30 minutes by making a slurry at the rate of 3 grams per liter or Diethane M-455 grams per liter of water.

If you sow the seed without treatment, then many kits will be put in it. Also, at the time of seed treatment, you wash the seeds with hot water, so that they will be completely disease free.

Treat tuber by dissolving carbadazim in 2 gm / ltr of water.

Ginger Sowing

The row should be spaced 30-40 cm and 20-25 cm apart from the plant after sowing the seeds at about 4-5 cm depth. The soil or dung compost should be covered with the soil immediately after sowing. The cultivation of ginger is of special importance in the laying of ginger, sowing of ginger is done during the summer season, in such a way, the laying maintains the moisture of the ground and also helps in growing the ginger. Apart from this, bedding helps in improving land, maintaining temperature, preventing soil erosion and preventing weeds.

In the form of bedding, various types of plants are used for residue, green and dry leaves and cow dung etc. When the bed is well decomposed, it increases the fertility of the soil. For a hectare of land, make 3-5 cm thick folds of 50 Kintal dry leaves or 125 Kintal green leaves. If the bedding is applied before it rotates, then after 40 days, fold the second bedding. Do not put the wheat bread at all, because putting it can cause termites.

Weeding Hoeing

Necessary weeding should be done 2-3 times in a field of ginger to keep the ginger as weed-free and soil-crisp as required. After every weeding, the soil should be crushed and the soil should be planted all around. Thus it is necessary to plow soil twice. Weeding – Weeding should ensure that the bottom of the land does not harm the bales.

Ginger Irrigation

• Ginger is mainly grown as a rainfed crop.
• During dry irrigation, irrigation is also given in the area with less rainfall.
• Ginger crop requires 1320-1520 mm of water.
• Ginger crop requires 1320-1520 mm of water.
• 15-20 days after planting germination
• Rhizome formed 20–15 days after planting
• Ginger cultivation in Karnataka, Gujarat, Jalgaon is done by drip irrigation. If very light land is gravel ground then you should definitely apply sprinkler, but if the land is of good quality then lateritic soil, sandy soil, Vadu mixed black ground, Chunkhdi. You should drip the mixed black ground there.

Due to lack of nutrition, we get the following symptoms.

Symptoms of Nitrogen deficiency – Old leaves turn yellow, which stops the growth of ginger by spraying 1% urea on the leaves to make up the deficiency.

Potassium deficiency symptoms – the leaves appear to be dry and white.

The symptoms of magnesium deficiency are reddish-colored, after which the stem starts to become yellow, then the entire strip becomes yellow, which stops its growth, spray it with 5gm / liter of water to make up the deficiency. |

Symptoms of iron deficiency – leaves become white due to its deficiency, to make up the deficiency, apply 10KG ferrous sulphate / per acre.

Ginger’s disease and its treatment

Ginger Gutti Sudden Disease – The leaves of the affected plants turn yellow and after the softness of these plants softens from the surface of the ground, they fall to the ground. In this way, the bales of diseased plants become soft and yellow. Except the fibrous tissue inside, all the other tissues rot. Patient plants dry up and fall to the ground. This road originates from several fungal castes of the Pithium and Fusarium clans. Sometimes, nematodes such as nematodes and insects such as mimigrel and umeras also pierce the bales, which facilitates the penetration of fungi.

Pit disease – The edges of the lower leaves of the affected plants turn yellow to red and the coolness of these plants becomes dry. This disease is particularly visible in different places in the fields. The patient looks healthy from outside but the inside parts turn brown. This disease spreads more in the rainy season. This disease is used more in those places where there is no drain of water. This disease is caused by Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solanai.

Malani disease of ginger – This disease symptoms are seen first in the lower leaves of plants which turn yellow to copper color from the edges and long brown to bud streaks are seen in the stalks attached to them. After this, the leaves of the plants turn upwards and the whole plant gets dry. The stalks and bales of the affected plants become sticky. And white and stinky water comes out after pressing the knot cow, thus if the pieces of the affected lumps are put in clean water, then it becomes milk colored. This malaria disease produces a bacterium called Ralstonia salinaceum.

Stain of the leaf disease – On the leaves of plants, long and long spots of various shapes emerge, on which black and black dots appear on the middle surface. This disease is caused by Phyllosticta gingiberi.

Soft rot – Its disease bothers almost all the ginger cultivators. This disease is very dangerous and is very harmful. This disease reduces the production of about 50-90%. Pythium species are soft. It is responsible for rot. First of all, it invades the root. It goes from root to fungus rhizome, which rots the rhizome here, which can be removed at the rate of 1.50gm / liter of Ridomil. Biologically Trichoderma virid. 10ml + Pecilomyces leucinus should be sprayed at the rate of 10ml per liter of water.

Bacterial wilt – Ginger’s bacterial wilt is the most serious rhizome-borne disease and is a disease of soil and seed. Ginger causes rapid wilt in between 5 to 10 days of bacterial infection. The severity of the disease is due to the rapid spread of pathogens. Which occurs in high rainfall and summer season in favorable environment. It should be treated with seed rhizome with a duration of streptocycline 20 g / 100 liters of water in 30 minutes. Copper oxychloride should moisten 0.2% of the soil.

Shoot borer – Ginger plants dry out the leaves of yellow and infected pseudo-stems, a bore hole is present on the pseudostem which should be sprayed with a dose of Corazem 0.5ml / ltr.

Leaf Roller Kit – Leaves become elongated or rolled, the leaves become yellow and dry slowly, this can be treated by spraying Corazon 0.5ml or Fame 0.5ml / ltr water.

Root knot nematode – disease here in South India, Orissa Assam, nematode disease is very common, for its treatment, if we put at least half ton per half acre of neem, then nematode can be controlled.

Benefits of Mulwar

• The soil remains moist for a long time.
• Germination happens soon
• Weed control
• Need less irrigation
• Ventilation occurs
• Organic manure is replenished

Germination of ginger takes place about 15 to 20 days after sowing, in about 40-45 days after sowing ginger, weeding of the crop every month should be plowed and irrigated every week in case of no rain, but keep in mind. It is necessary that the land should be flat and have high drainage so that no field remains filled with water after irrigation in the field.

The ginger crop is ready in about 8-9 months, the plant stops growing in the ripening stage, the plant also starts to dry yellow and does not grow even after watering, such a crop is considered diggable.

Harvesting

Ginger, when used as a vegetable, should start harvesting from the 6th month. If you want ginger in the dry, you should dig it in the 6th month, because its quality decreases for a day. Dry it out and put it in the sun so that it dries well.

Ginger needs a dry, cut when the leaves of the plant turn yellow and start dying, its clamp is removed, cut into small pieces, filled in the sack and sent to the market. |

Peeling

The peeling is done to remove the outer skin and the peeling accelerates the drying process and maintains the epidermal cells of the rhizome, which contains essential oil for ginger aroma indigenously, the ginger pieces Peeling is done overnight by soaking in water, rubbing the ginger peels or rubbing it with sharp bamboo splashes.

Cut ginger Cleaning

This is done with breaking the cob and removing the cob and roots of the soil. The ginger flakes are broken to the required size rhizome.

Yield

The yield of ginger is about 140-200 quintals per hectare. For a quintal, it costs Rs 3000 per acre, that is, 1.20 thousand for an acre, all of which come in such as the use of ginger seeds, irrigation system, fertilizer etc. It yields good yield.

Storage

Clean the accounts for storing ginger. Burn dry grass in these accounts. Lay a thick layer of sand 15-20 cm on the surface of the accounts. Treat ginger in Indofil M-45 240 g + Bavistin 100 g + Dermat 200 ml per 100 liter water solution for one hour. In this solution, treat 90 kg of ginger for the first time and treat 70 kg of ginger for the second time.

After drying the treated bales in the shade, put a perforated rubber groove in the middle of the accounts, and one end of it should be on top of the ginger seed, keep a quarter of the piles empty above the top and put dry grass on top of the ginger seeds. Apply ginger seed mixed with dung mud on the side of the wood over the glands, check the ginger seed in the month of March.

If the patient sees lumps in it, then dry the ginger seed in the sun and remove the inner lump and press it into a pit. For low mountain areas, store ginger on a thick layer of sand. In the lower mountainous areas, extract ginger from the field in the month of February, after this, press it in a meter-deep pit, first dry grass under the pit, then ginger and then dry with grass and soil, thus keep the ginger for 45 days after that. Remove and break the roots on it, then keep it in a cold room till the month of June.